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Evergreen Brickworks { 10 images } Created 25 Jun 2013

Canada's first large-scale community environmental centre, The Toronto Evergreen Brick Works opened its doors to the public September 2010.

The Evergreen Brick Works project transformed an underused, deteriorating industrial site in the city's Don Valley into a regionally important, environmentally based community landmark to engage visitors in diverse experiences connected to nature and the city.

This gallery features Building 16, which housed several massive kilns built in the 1960s for firing and drying bricks. The kilns were fascinating artifacts: their sheer size – 600 linear metres, occupied three-quarters of the building.

Visitors can now access and explore the various interior spaces of the kilns, and learn about the different stages of firing brick (preheating, firing, and cooling).

Originally named Don Valley Brick Works, the site is significant for its important collection of 16 industrial structures. The associated brick-making machinery represents a century-long operation and the additions and modifications to the building stock reflect the capabilities and needs of the site over time. Constructed of various materials including brick, corrugated metal, steel, terra cotta, cast iron, rubble stone and wood, the structures are related to the continually evolving needs of the brick making process. The clay grinding building is the oldest structure on the site and was built in 1891. In 1906 the “valley” chimney was constructed (the only chimney left on the site) and remained in use until the 1960s. In 1910 the office, lunchroom, screening and dust collection building and stock brick dryer building were built. In 1912-13 the sand-lime storage building was constructed, followed by the clay-shale storage building and the welding shop building, in 1925 and 1926 respectively. In 1956-57 the dry-press brick production plant and tunnel kiln and dryer building were constructed. In 1960-62 the sand-lime brick production plant, sand-lime brick storage building, holding room and the wire-cut brick production plant were constructed coinciding with expanding production capabilities. The final building constructed was the brick storage shed in 1972.
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  • The John Price Soft-Mud Press was originally used at the John Price Brickyard from 1912 until 1962. It is identified as the most historically significant piece of machinery in the Evergreen Brick Works due to its age, the process it represents and its association with a famous brick manufacturing firm.
    Evergreen Brick Works _MG_6700 - Ver...tif
  • The John Price Soft-Mud Press was originally used at the John Price Brickyard from 1912 until 1962. It is identified as the most historically significant piece of machinery in the Evergreen Brick Works due to its age, the process it represents and its association with a famous brick manufacturing firm.<br />
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Founded by John F. Taylor and his brothers William and George, the Don Valley Brick Works introduced new equipment to the operation enabling at the peak of production to produce 43 million bricks annually. Production innovation expanded in the following decades to make it the only plant in Ontario to produce soft-mud, stiff-mud and dry-press processes simultaneously. <br />
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During World War II German prisoners of war were used as labourers. The company changed hands numerous times, expanding operations and incorporating new technologies along the way. In the 1980s operations declined as the quarry's resources became exhausted. It closed in 1989.
    Evergreen Brick Works _MG_6699 - Ver...tif
  • Overhead architecture showcases metal framing and historical piping used in the kilns and drying tunnels building during brick-making of the Don Valley Brick Works. Part of the Holcim Gallery, Evergreen Brick Works, Toronto (Canada).<br />
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Holcim Gallery is one of the most dramatic, and most functional, areas within Evergreen Brick Works. The 52,000-square-foot area housed three long tunnel kilns and six single-track drying tunnels.<br />
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Interpretive signage explains the stories of the brick-making process. This building speaks to the rich industrial heritage of the site.
    Evergreen Brick Works _MG_6657.tif
  • Carts were used to move bricks in and out of drying tunnels and kilns, part of the Holcim Gallery, Evergreen Brick Works, Toronto (Canada).<br />
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“Building 16” at the Brick Works housed several massive kilns built in the 1960s for firing and drying bricks. The kilns were fascinating artifacts, but their sheer size – 600 linear metres occupying three-quarters of the building – made the space impossible to use.<br />
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Dissecting the kilns to reveal their hidden spaces and internal workings, opened up the building, providing space for a large-scale contemporary venue (Holcim Gallery), and at the same time tells the story of this historic space.<br />
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Visitors can now access and explore the various interior spaces of the kilns, and learn about the different stages of firing brick: preheating, firing, and cooling. The rich, industrial masonry of this site is brought to life by a simple but strategic process of deconstruction and interpretation.
    Evergreen Brick Works _MG_6658.tif
  • Graffiti wall art and table visible at the end of a single track, drying brick tunnel.<br />
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The Tunnel Kiln and Dryer Building (Building 16) is an important component of the Don Valley Brick Works. The building was constructed in 1956-57 for the burning and drying of bricks. It replaced a number of earlier buildings, including a continuous kiln, the original sand-lime brick plant, the #3 stock brick production line, and the “Brick” Chimney, one of four predominant chimneys on the site.<br />
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The building contained three tunnel kilns that were fired by natural gas, with fuel oil as a backup. The railway-tunnel kilns, produced by G. W. Booth, were among the first installed in Ontario. Dry bricks were burned in one of two gas-fired Harrop tunnel kilns, each with the capacity of 38 cars. Six single-track tunnel dryers were located in the northwest corner. Each tunnel was 140 feet long and held 14 cars. Bricks were dried in two narrow track tunnel dryers next to the wire-cut brick dryer in the building. <br />
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Historically, Tunnel Kiln and Dryer Building reflected the ongoing brick making processes that were introduced in the 1890s and continued for almost a century in different locations on-site.
    Evergreen Brick Works _MG_6717.tif
  • Interior, vertical view, of brick kiln artifact.<br />
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The Tunnel Kiln and Dryer Building is located at the southeast end of the property. The Wire-Press Brick Production Plant (Building 14) flanks it on the west. Part of the west wall abuts the Holding Room (Building 12). Behind (north of) Building 16, the concrete retaining wall was constructed about 1891 to separate the buildings from the quarry to the north.<br />
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The Tunnel Kiln and Dryer Building rises one extended storey on a concrete foundation. The long rectangular plan is aligned with the short end walls facing north and south. Constructed of steel with red and yellow brick cladding, the building is covered by a gable roof. The east, north and west walls are enclosed with brick, while metal cladding faces the south wall. <br />
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The “Brick Works Mural” (1996) by Toronto artist Sady Ducros extends across Buildings 14, 15 and 16, covering the lower part of the south walls. Building 16 shares one large interior space with the adjoining Holding Room (Building 12) and the Dry-Press Brick Production Plant (Building 15). Buildings 15 and 16 are all but identical, except that Building 16 is slightly larger in size.<br />
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The Tunnel Kiln and Dryer Building is contextually significant in relation to the Brick Storage Shed (Building 13), the Wire-Cut Brick Production Plant (Building 14), and the Dry-Press Brick Production Plant (Building 15) at the southeast end of the Don Valley Brick Works.
    Evergreen Brick Works _MG_6689.tif
  • Interior, horizontal view, of brick kiln artifact.<br />
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Character defining elements that contribute to the heritage value of the Don Valley Brick Works include its:<br />
- complex of 16 industrial buildings built over time ranging from 1891 to 1972 including the Office (Building 1), Welding Shop (Building 3), Sand-Lime Storage Building (Building 4), Lunchroom (Building 5), Sand-Lime Brick Production Plan (Building 6/7), Sand-Lime Brick Storage Building (Building 8), Clay-Shale Storage Building (Building 9), Clay-Grinding Building (Building 10), Screening and Dust Collection Building (Building 11), Stock Brick Dryer Building (Building 11B), Holding Room (Building 12), Brick Storage Shed (Building 13), Wire-Cut Brick Production Plant (Building 14), Dry-Press Brick Production Plant (Building 15), Tunnel Kiln and Dryer Building (Building 16), Valley Chimney and Chimney Court (Building 17)<br />
- expansive collection of industrial machinery ranging in age and reflecting production capabilities of the site. Machinery including the John Price Soft-Mud Press, Kilns, Clay and Shale Storage Hoppers, Storage Bins, Brick Presses, Metal Ceiling Fans, Industrial Style Pendant Ceiling Light Fixtures, Electrical Panels, Motorized Conveyors, Metal Containers, Grinders, Office Booth, Sieves, Dust Collectors, Dust Bins, Shale Bins, Wire Brick Cutter<br />
- archaeological features and remains related to the industrial use of the site<br />
- location in the Don Valley <br />
- proximity to other industrial sites, such as Todmorden Mills
    Evergreen Brick Works _MG_6688.tif
  • The Harrop single track brick-drying tunnel, Evergreen Brick Works, Toronto (Canada).<br />
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Founded in 1889 and opened for a century at this location, the Don Valley Brick Works was one of the oldest and largest brick works in the province and was the longest operating facility in Toronto and Ontario. Brick produced by the company encompassed technological innovations of the industry and were used in many of Toronto's landmark buildings, including Casa Loma, Old City Hall and Queen's Park. Clay and shale were extracted for brick production from the quarry to the north of the buildings, the north slope of which is of particular geological significance.
    Evergreen Brick Works _MG_6659.tif
  • Part of Holcim Gallery, the most dramatic space at Evergreen Brick Works was formerly the most functional part of the site. The 52,000-square-foot area housed three long tunnel kilns and six single-track drying tunnels.<br />
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The Evergreen Brick Works project transformed an underused, deteriorating industrial site in the city's Don Valley into a regionally important, environmentally based community landmark to engage visitors in diverse experiences connected to nature and the city.  The LEED Platinum designed Centre for Green Cities is the only new building on the site. It incorporates a welcome centre, retail and amenity space, administrative offices, and workspace for the programme partners.<br />
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To capture the spirit of the historic site and its industrial heritage, the Centre for Green Cities knits the new building into and around the existing elements. Old brick walls, steel structures, and metal sheds are retained and define the footprint of the building.  Public functions – event spaces and classrooms – are on the ground floor, immersed in the character of those existing structures. The second floor has a wrap-around balcony, occupying the space between an existing brick wall and the cantilevered floors above.  As an educational institute focused on outdoor education, the balcony offers exterior access to second floor classrooms as well as to Evergreen’s offices on the third floor, while providing an elevated view of both the Brickworks site and the visitor welcome centre.
    Evergreen Brick Works _MG_6693.tif
  • One of the oldest industrial brick producing facilities in the province, the Don Valley Brick Works was the longest operating brick works in Toronto and Ontario. The company used the most advanced technical processes and equipment of the time, often simultaneously, and installed one of the earliest continuous kilns in Ontario. <br />
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The wide-range of products made on-site were applied to numerous Toronto buildings, ranging from modest structures to the most recognizable landmarks of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. <br />
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One of the site’s most outstanding characteristics is its ability to portray the complexity of a long standing and well used industrial site and brick works in which buildings and spaces are periodically being added to, demolished, adapted and reused to accommodate technical changes, new markets and new ways of marketing, social conditions, new materials and processes of construction and new forms of transportation, sources of capital and power.
    Evergreen Brick Works _MG_6856.tif